Federal agencies sued for targeting migrants during court proceedings


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Summary

Class action lawsuit

A coalition of legal and immigrant rights groups has filed a class-action lawsuit against the DOJ and DHS, claiming migrants are being unlawfully detained during immigration court hearings.

Lack of due process

The lawsuit argues that recent enforcement tactics violate due process rights protected by the U.S. Constitution and federal law.

Push for immigration enforcement

New policies, including the distribution of self-deportation flyers and the end of bond hearings, show a broader federal effort to enforce deportation.


Full story

A group of immigrants and advocacy organizations filed a class action lawsuit Wednesday, July 16, claiming the U.S. government violated constitutional and legal protections by detaining and deporting migrants during their court proceedings. The suit, filed against the Department of Justice and the Department of Homeland Security, alleges that federal authorities have disregarded due process rights by targeting individuals appearing in court for immigration hearings.

“The egregious and unprecedented coordination amongst government agencies that we are witnessing not only inflicts irreparable harm upon infants and adults alike for seeking refuge in the United States but also establishes a chilling precedent in which law and order are abandoned in favor of stoking widespread panic and fear,” said Faisal Al-juburi, with RAICES, an organization involved in the lawsuit.

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Lawsuit filed over arrests during immigration hearings

Since taking office, President Donald Trump has vowed to carry out the largest deportation operation in U.S. history, focusing on dangerous offenders. On the contrary, federal records show a different pattern. Despite the administration’s focus on criminality, most of the individuals detained by Immigration and Customs Enforcement have no criminal convictions on their record.

According to the complaint, the plaintiffs seek to stop what they describe as a pattern of arrests and removals that undermine the legal process. They argue that immigrants should be allowed to present their cases fully without fear of being detained mid-proceeding.

The complaint cites federal law and the Fifth Amendment in the U.S. Constitution, which guarantees that no person shall “be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.” This clause, known as the Due Process Clause, applies to all “persons” within the United States, regardless of immigration status. It means individuals have the right to a fair legal process before the government can take certain actions against them, such as detention or deportation.

Due process and constitutional protections at stake

The case is being brought by the National Immigrant Justice Center, Democracy Forward, RAICES and the Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights of the San Francisco Bay Area. They represent a dozen individuals who were detained while attending immigration court hearings, along with two other organizations that provide legal aid to people now at risk of being arrested for showing up to court.

“We are witnessing an authoritarian takeover of the U.S. immigration court system by the Trump administration,” said Keren Zwick, director of litigation at NIJC. 

The NIJC says some individuals behind the lawsuit have lived in the U.S. for years and were taken into custody, in some cases separated from their families, including children who are U.S. citizens. Others recently arrived after fleeing threats and violence in their home countries.

Advocates warn of wider enforcement across court system

Lawyers and advocates say the lawsuit exposes a troubling trend: recent instructions from the DHS directing ICE officers to make arrests even when immigration judges have not ordered removal or when migrants are seeking to appeal a decision. 

The filing argues that these actions sidestep federal law and ignore judges’ authority by denying individuals the chance to complete the legal process that determines whether they can remain in the country.

New DHS directive ends bond for many in detention

On Tuesday, July 15, reports surfaced that the Trump administration is aiming to end bond hearings for migrants illegally in the U.S., according to a new internal policy from ICE. Under the directive, migrants who crossed the border without authorization and are held in ICE custody would no longer be eligible for release on bond. Instead, they would remain detained for the full length of their immigration court proceedings.

Migrants attending immigration court hearings across the country have reported receiving flyers from the DOJ directing them to leave the country on their own terms. The notices, handed out during court proceedings, are titled “Message to Illegal Aliens: A Warning to Self Deport.” 

Jake Larsen (Video Editor ) and Devin Pavlou (Digital Producer) contributed to this report.
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Why this story matters

The lawsuit challenges a pattern of arrests, enforcement tactics and policy changes that are reshaping immigration proceedings and the principle of equal treatment under the law.

Due process rights

The lawsuit alleges violations of constitutional protections that require fair legal procedures before detaining or deporting individuals, as asserted by the plaintiffs and organizations involved.

Government enforcement policies

Recent directives and policies from federal agencies, such as ending bond hearings and promoting self-deportation, suggest increased enforcement actions that could impact how migrants navigate the legal system.

Advocacy and legal challenges

Immigrant advocacy organizations and legal groups are using the courts to challenge government practices, highlighting concerns about potential overreach and the rights of individuals involved in immigration proceedings.

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Policy impact

The expansion of courthouse arrests has led to increased fear among immigrants, potential decreases in court appearance rates, and family separations. Advocacy groups report that the policy deters immigrants from seeking relief through legal channels, potentially increasing the number of people living without documentation and outside the oversight of legal systems.

History lesson

ICE’s practice of courthouse arrests is not new, but it represents a reversal of Obama-era policies that limited such actions. Periods of mass workplace raids and interior enforcement in past decades have also had long-term social and economic effects on communities and frequently sparked legal challenges over the balance of public safety and due process.

Context corner

Historically, ICE had guidelines discouraging enforcement actions in or near courthouses to avoid deterring individuals from attending legal proceedings. These guidelines were rescinded early in Trump’s second term, signaling a shift toward stricter interior enforcement and leading to increased courthouse activity. Such practices have become flashpoints in U.S. immigration debates over due process and community trust.

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Don’t just take our word for it.


Certified balanced reporting

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Bias comparison

  • Media outlets on the left frame ICE courthouse arrests as an “authoritarian takeover” marked by aggressive, “warrantless” tactics causing emotional trauma and due process violations, often spotlighting humanizing details like immigrant plaintiffs’ long U.S. residency.
  • Not enough unique coverage from media outlets in the center to provide a bias comparison.
  • Media outlets on the right emphasize enforcement efficiency and officer safety, describing arrests as “common sense” and casting lawsuits as politically motivated efforts by “liberal groups” to protect “illegals,” employing charged terms that convey skepticism and protect border control priorities.

Media landscape

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182 total sources

Key points from the Left

  • A dozen immigrants and their advocates filed a class action lawsuit against the Trump administration, challenging courthouse arrests and claiming that these actions strip noncitizens of their rights and expedite deportations.
  • The lawsuit targets the Department of Homeland Security, Justice Department, and Immigration and Customs Enforcement, arguing that recent policies unlawfully permit arrests at immigration courts.
  • Keren Zwick from the National Immigrant Justice Center stated that the arrests are part of an "authoritarian takeover" of the immigration court system, resulting in separation from families and livelihoods.
  • Despite the claims of authorities, the lawsuit argues that the arrests create fear and chaos in the immigration system, impacting thousands of immigrants attending their court hearings.

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Key points from the Center

  • Civil rights groups sued the Trump administration to stop ICE from arresting undocumented immigrants who appear for immigration hearings at courthouses.
  • The Trump administration's new policy rescinded guidelines limiting courthouse arrests, leading ICE agents to arrest migrants after their cases were dismissed.
  • The lawsuit argues the policy violates due process, chills immigrants' participation in legal proceedings, and targets those following the law.

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Key points from the Right

  • A coalition of legal groups filed a class-action lawsuit against the Trump administration to stop ICE arrests at immigration courts, arguing this practice is unlawful and violates due process protections.
  • The lawsuit was filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia on behalf of 12 immigrants, who fear for their safety after being detained for attending court hearings.
  • ICE has faced criticism for targeting immigrants appearing for court dates, with claims that these arrests violate federal immigration laws and the Constitution.
  • Democracy Forward and other groups argue that the courthouse arrests deter immigrants from attending hearings, undermining their rights to seek asylum or remain in the U.S.

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