The constitutional roadblocks to Trump’s often-floated third term


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Summary

Interest in third term

President Donald Trump has publicly expressed interest in a third term on several occasions.

Constitutional barriers

The U.S. Constitution prohibits any person from being elected president more than twice, as outlined in the 22nd Amendment.

Attempts to circumvent

Some Trump allies have considered potential ways to circumvent the limitation.


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President Donald Trump has floated the idea of a third term as president on several occasions. While a third term would violate the U.S. Constitution, some Trump allies are exploring their options.

Trump’s interest

“A lot of people want me to do it,” Trump said of a third term while speaking to NBC News in March. While he said it was far too early to think about it, he also said, “I’m not joking.”

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Seven months later, the president echoed those comments, telling reporters aboard Air Force One that he “would love to do it.”

While making those comments, Trump also touted his health. He’s already the oldest person to ever be elected president and would be 82 on Inauguration Day 2029.

Trump’s official merchandise website also sells “Trump 2028” hats, t-shirts and koozies. During a recent meeting with Democratic leaders in the Oval Office, Trump made sure to prominently display Trump 2028 hats on his desk.

Meanwhile, Trump ally and former White House strategist Stephen Bannon recently threw his support behind a third Trump term. Bannon, who pleaded guilty to fraud charges in February, implied there’s a plan in place.

“Trump is going to be president in ’28, and people ought to just get accommodated with that,” Bannon said.

Unconstitutional push

Despite Trump’s interest, the U.S. Constitution clearly lays out term limits.

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No president has served a third term since Franklin D. Roosevelt.

“No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice, and no person who has held the office of President, or acted as President, for more than two years of a term to which some other person was elected President shall be elected to the office of the President more than once,” the 22nd Amendment reads.

The 22nd Amendment was ratified in 1951, after former President Franklin D. Roosevelt broke the two-term precedent and was elected to office four times before dying in office.

Many lawmakers, especially Republicans, saw Roosevelt’s extended presidency as a threat to the balance of power and hoped to pass an amendment to prevent future presidents from following in FDR’s footsteps.

The two-term precedent was set by America’s first president, George Washington, who declined to run for a third term.

“I rejoice that the state of your concerns, external as well as internal, no longer renders the pursuit of inclination incompatible with the sentiment of duty or propriety, and am persuaded whatever partiality may be retained for my services, that in the present circumstances of our country, you will not disapprove my determination to retire,” Washington said in his farewell address, essentially saying serving indefinitely would not be good for the republic.

Circumventing the 22nd Amendment

If Trump really is “not joking” about a third term, his allies have floated several options on how to get around the 22nd Amendment.

The first is just to simply repeal that amendment, but the framers set a bar that’s an almost impossible task, especially in today’s political climate.

A Constitutional amendment would require two-thirds support in the House and Senate or a convention called by two-thirds of the states. Then, that amendment would need to be ratified by 38 of the 50 state legislatures.

Republicans hold a slim majority in the House and Senate and control only 28 state legislatures.

Then, there’s the idea of succession.

Trump’s allies argued the 22nd Amendment only bars someone from being elected for a third term. So, in theory, Trump could be elected as vice president, then have the elected president step down to make Trump president.

That’s also unconstitutional per the 12th Amendment.

“No person constitutionally ineligible to the office of president shall be eligible to that of vice-president of the United States,” the 12th Amendment reads.

Trump rejected that idea anyway.

“I would rule that out because it’s too cute,” Trump said. “I think the people wouldn’t like that. It’s too cute. It’s not, it wouldn’t be right.”

The only real loophole seems to be Trump becoming Speaker of the House of Representatives.

You don’t technically need to be a member of the House to become Speaker, although that hasn’t happened since 1789, when Frederick Muhlenberg became the first Speaker. The House had just been formed, and members hadn’t been sworn in yet, technically meaning Muhlenberg was chosen before becoming an official representative.

If Trump became speaker and the sitting president and vice president resigned, Trump would be next in line to be president. That would face serious legal challenges.

Current House Speaker Mike Johnson, who’s also a constitutional lawyer, threw some cold water on the plan for a third term for Trump, saying he sees no path for it.

“It’s been a great run,” Johnson said. “But I think the president knows, and he and I have talked about, the constrictions of the Constitution, as much as so many of the American people lament that.”

Johnson also noted timeline constraints and said amending the constitution could take around 10 years.

Cole Lauterbach (Managing Editor) and Lawrence Banton (Digital Producer) contributed to this report.
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Why this story matters

Public discussion about presidential term limits raises questions on constitutional boundaries and potential efforts to challenge established safeguards in the U.S. political system.

Presidential term limits

The U.S. Constitution restricts presidents to two elected terms, a foundational principle for limiting executive power and ensuring rotation in office as outlined in the 22nd Amendment.

Constitutional safeguards

Proposals or suggestions to circumvent term limits, such as repeal or succession strategies, highlight the importance of existing legal mechanisms that protect against extended individual rule.

Political discourse

The ongoing public and political conversations, including statements from Donald Trump and political allies, signal broader debates about norms, expectations and the resilience of American democratic institutions.

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Debunking

House Speaker Mike Johnson and sources close to the president repeatedly clarify there is no viable legal pathway for Trump to seek a third term, despite public comments or speculation stimulated by Trump or allies like Steve Bannon.

History lesson

The issue references Franklin D. Roosevelt's unprecedented four terms, which led to the adoption of the 22nd Amendment. Since its passage, no sitting president has served more than two terms.

Oppo research

Opponents of a potential third term, including Democratic lawmakers and constitutional scholars, highlight the explicit restrictions in the 22nd Amendment and express concern about any serious challenges to long-standing democratic norms.

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Unbiased. Straight Facts.

Don’t just take our word for it.


Certified balanced reporting

According to media bias experts at AllSides

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Transparent and credible

Awarded a perfect reliability rating from NewsGuard

100/100

Welcome back to trustworthy journalism.

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Bias comparison

  • Media outlets on the left frame Speaker Johnson's statements on a potential Trump third term with skepticism, using terms like "Claims," "Defy," and "Pours Cold Water," portraying Trump as "Trolling Foes" and Johnson as actively dismissing the idea.
  • Media outlets in the center neutrally report Johnson's direct quotes, often noting his "constitutional lawyer" background.
  • Media outlets on the right mention "constrictions of the Constitution" without deeper context, de-emphasizing Trump's past rhetoric or the amendment's explicit prohibition.

Media landscape

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61 total sources

Key points from the Left

  • House Speaker Mike Johnson stated he doesn’t "see a path" for President Donald Trump to pursue a third term due to the 22nd Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which limits presidents to two terms.
  • Trump has expressed a desire for a third term, saying he would "love to do it," but acknowledged he hasn't seriously considered a legal challenge against the constitutional restrictions.
  • Johnson mentioned the difficulty of amending the Constitution, noting it could take about ten years to achieve the necessary bipartisan support for such a change.
  • Despite the debate, Johnson believes Trump is likely enjoying the attention and "trolling Democrats" with the possibility of a third term.

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Key points from the Center

  • House Speaker Mike Johnson said Tuesday he does not believe President Donald Trump intends to defy the Constitution to seek a third term, rejecting the idea at a Capitol Hill news conference.
  • The 22nd Amendment to the U.S. Constitution bars more than two presidential terms, and Speaker Mike Johnson, R-La. Said, "I don't see a way to amend the Constitution" because it takes about 10 years and two-thirds of the House and three-fourths of the states.
  • Former White House aide Steve Bannon has told The Economist that "there is a plan" for Trump to run in 2028, and supporters have circulated "Trump 2028" merchandise since earlier this year.
  • Speaking to reporters Tuesday, Johnson emphasized that "we are not going to take our foot off the gas pedal" and highlighted the focus on governing over legal challenges, despite the "Trump 2028" cap.
  • Legal experts note the 12th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution bars anyone ineligible for president from serving as vice president, and President Donald Trump earlier this week ruled out that vice-presidential route.

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Key points from the Right

No summary available because of a lack of coverage.

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